A lien which affects only one parcel of property belonging to the debtor is known as a?

A lien that affects only one parcel of property belonging to the debtor is classified as a special lien. Special liens are designed to attach specifically to a particular piece of real estate or property rather than impacting the debtor's entire portfolio of assets. This type of lien is typically associated with obligations like mortgage liens, where the lender has a claim only on the property that secures the loan.

In contrast, general liens apply to all property owned by the debtor, not just a specific parcel. Statutory liens arise from laws that create a lien for certain obligations, and equitable liens are based on fairness, allowing a party to claim a right to a particular property due to a relationship or agreement with the owner.

Understanding the distinction is crucial, as it affects the priority and enforceability of the lien in relation to other claims against the debtor’s property. Special liens are particularly important in real estate transactions, as they provide security to creditors while also being limited in their scope, thus protecting the debtor's other assets.