What is a specific type of encumbrance that grants someone the right to use another person's land for a specific purpose?

An easement is a specific type of encumbrance that allows an individual or entity to use another person’s land for a designated purpose, such as a driveway, pathway, or utility access. This right is typically recorded in public records and remains with the property, regardless of ownership changes. Easements are established to ensure that certain land use needs are met—like access for maintenance or utility services—while still respecting the property owner's rights.

The other options illustrate different financial or legal claims against property. A mortgage, for instance, represents a loan secured by the property, while a tax lien arises from unpaid property taxes, both impacting ownership and financial obligations rather than granting usage rights. A cloud on title refers to any claim or dispute that may affect the ownership or transferability of property, not specifically allowing use of land. Therefore, the nature of an easement uniquely qualifies it as the correct answer in this context.