Which of the following is NOT an encumbrance on real property?

In real estate, an encumbrance refers to a claim or liability that affects the title to a property, potentially restricting the owner's ability to use or transfer that property. A deed, however, is not an encumbrance; rather, it is a legal document that conveys ownership of a property from one party to another. Essentially, a deed represents the transfer of title and ownership rights, rather than imposing a limitation or obligation on the property.

In contrast, a mortgage is a loan secured by the property, meaning the lender has a financial claim against it until the mortgage is paid off. An easement grants a third party specific rights to use part of the property for a particular purpose, such as access or utilities, which can affect the owner's use of their land. A lease is an agreement that allows a tenant to occupy the property for a specified term, which creates a temporary encumbrance on the owner's ability to fully exercise their rights over the property during that period.

Therefore, understanding the distinction between deeds and encumbrances clarifies why the deed is not considered an encumbrance, as it does not create any claim against the property, but rather facilitates the transfer of ownership.